{"id":199,"date":"2017-01-12T14:04:34","date_gmt":"2017-01-12T13:04:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mojidoktori.rs\/blog\/?p=199"},"modified":"2017-01-12T14:10:31","modified_gmt":"2017-01-12T13:10:31","slug":"respiratorni-problemi-kod-dece","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mojidoktori.rs\/blog\/respiratorni-problemi-kod-dece\/","title":{"rendered":"Respiratorni problemi kod dece"},"content":{"rendered":"

Respiratorni problemi kod dece: Inhalacija kao terapija<\/a><\/h4>\n

U zimskom periodu problemi sa disajnim putevima su u\u010destaliji, a svi oni koji imaju taj problem sve \u010de\u0161\u0107e se oslanjaju na inhalatornu terapiju koja omogu\u0107ava bezbolnu primenu lekova u ku\u0107nim uslovima.<\/p>\n

I dok je nekada za ovaj postupak bila dovoljna posuda sa toplom te\u010dno\u0161\u0107u i pe\u0161kir, danas se za ovu terapiju koriste aparati koji pretvaraju te\u010dnosti u \u010destice aerosol – inhalatori, a efikasnost zavisi kako od karakteristika aparata, tako i od pacijenta.<\/p>\n

Kompresorski se uglavnom koriste za le\u010denje oboljenja donjih disajnih puteva, astme prvenstveno<\/a>.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Ultrazvu\u010dni inhalatori aerosol stvaraju treperenjem kristala kvarca i koriste se uglavnom u le\u010denju oboljenja gornjih disajnih puteva (sinuzitis), ili hroni\u010dnih oboljenja donjeg (bronhiektazije, hroni\u010dna opstruktivna bolest plu\u0107a, cisti\u010dna fibroza).<\/p>\n

Kako se primenjuje inhalatorna terapija<\/a>?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

U ove aparate mogu da se stavljaju razli\u010diti lekovi, a naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e se primenjuju preparati za \u0161irenje bronhija. Njihovo dejstvo traje oko \u010detiri sata, tako da inhalacije mogu da se ponavljaju posle tog perioda, a ukoliko je napad astme veoma te\u017eak, inhalacije mogu da se daju i na dva sata.<\/p>\n

„Ne bi trebalo davati visoke doze jer se tako izbegavaju ne\u017eeljena dejstva (lupanje srca, drhtanje mi\u0161i\u0107a itd), a lek se mo\u017ee davati \u010de\u0161\u0107e“ obja\u0161njava profesor dr Branimir Nestorovi\u0107, na\u010delnik Odeljenja za pulmologiju i alergologiju Univerzitetske de\u010dje klinike u Beogradu.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Obi\u010dno se savetuje pet kapi spalmotila ili aloprola za pred\u0161kolsku decu<\/a>, a 10 kapi za stariju decu ili odrasle, ili \u0161est kapi beroduala za manju decu, a osam do deset za stariju decu i odrasle.<\/p>\n

Lekovi za \u0161irenje bronhija ne bi trebalo da se koriste du\u017ee od sedam dana, jer posle toga mogu da imaju ne\u017eeljena dejstva. Pauza bi trebalo da traje bar sedam dana do slede\u0107eg kori\u0161\u0107enja. Ukoliko su potrebne \u010deste inhalacije, neophodno je da se uvede neka vrsta preventivne terapije.<\/p>\n

„Deci do tri godine sa astmom danas se kao osnovni na\u010din dugotrajnog le\u010denja radi inhalacija pulmikortom (inhalirani steroid u obliku rastvora)“, ka\u017ee dr Nestorovi\u0107 i dodaje: „Veoma je va\u017eno da se posle inhalacija detetu da da popije te\u010dnost, da se lek ispere iz usta, kako ne bi dobilo gljivi\u010dnu infekciju. Kod lekova ove vrste najva\u017enije je da se primenjuju preporu\u010dene doze, jer je u tom slu\u010daju mogu\u0107nost ne\u017eeljenih dejstava minimalna. \u010cim je dete dobro, potrebno je smanjiti dozu i broj inhalacija, a naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e se po\u010dinje sa dve inhalacije dnevno, a potom se smanjuje na jednu, jutarnju.“<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u010cesto se, posebno odraslima sa hroni\u010dnim o\u0161te\u0107enjima plu\u0107a<\/a>, daju lekovi za razre\u0111ivanje sekreta (naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e fluimucil). On je u ovom obliku izuzetno efikasan, ali ima jednu neprijatnu nuspojavu, poja\u010dava ka\u0161alj. Kao lek za razre\u0111ivanje sekreta mo\u017ee da se koristi i koncentrovani rastvor soli (npr. tropostotni ili 7,5-procentni rastvor kuhinjske soli).<\/p>\n

Ovakav na\u010din le\u010denja je posebno koristan kod cisti\u010dne fibroze. Ponekad kao sporedno dejstvo mo\u017ee da se javi povi\u0161ena telesna temperatura, koja prolazi nakon sat vremena bez ikakve terapije.<\/p>\n

Na\u010din disanja prilikon terapije<\/strong><\/h2>\n

I na\u010din disanja uti\u010de na koli\u010dinu leka koja \u0107e dospeti do plu\u0107a. Pacijent bi trebalo da di\u0161e sporo i duboko, a ukoliko je re\u010d o deci treba ih smiriti da ne pla\u010du (jer se time smanjuje prodiranje leka u plu\u0107a).<\/p>\n

Inhalacije se mogu raditi preko maske za lice ili nastavka za usta.<\/p>\n

Ukoliko se koristi maska, treba disati na usta, jer najve\u0107i broj \u010destica koji dospeva u nos ne prolazi dalje<\/p>\n

\u0160ta ne bi trebalo stavljati u inhlator?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ne bi trebalo u inhalatore stavljati razbla\u017eene rastvore, naro\u010dito ne destilovanu vodu, jer mogu da provociraju te\u0161ke napade astme.<\/p>\n

Doskora su se i mnogi biljni ekstrakti koristili u le\u010denju bolesti disajnih puteva, ali je po\u010detkom godine Evropska agencija za lekove i lekovita sredstva zabranila primenu ovih preparata preko elektri\u010dnih inhalatora.<\/p>\n

„Biljni preparati<\/a> (posebno nana kod hroni\u010dnog ka\u0161lja ili eteri\u010dna ulja kod infekcija sinusa i bronhija) mogu da se primenjuju na tradicionalan na\u010din inhalacijama klju\u010dale vode sa pe\u0161kirom preko glave<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Respiratorni problemi kod dece: Inhalacija kao terapija U zimskom periodu problemi sa disajnim putevima su u\u010destaliji, a svi oni koji imaju taj problem sve \u010de\u0161\u0107e se oslanjaju na inhalatornu terapiju koja omogu\u0107ava bezbolnu primenu lekova u ku\u0107nim uslovima. I dok je nekada za ovaj postupak bila dovoljna posuda sa toplom…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[141,138,139,140,136,137],"class_list":["post-199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-biljni-preparati","tag-inhalacija","tag-inhalator","tag-respiratorni-organi","tag-respiratorni-problemi-kod-dece","tag-zdravlje-dece"],"yoast_head":"\nRespiratorni problemi kod dece - Popusti i kuponi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mojidoktori.rs\/blog\/respiratorni-problemi-kod-dece\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Respiratorni problemi kod dece - Popusti i kuponi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Respiratorni problemi kod dece: Inhalacija kao terapija U zimskom periodu problemi sa disajnim putevima su u\u010destaliji, a svi oni koji imaju taj problem sve \u010de\u0161\u0107e se oslanjaju na inhalatornu terapiju koja omogu\u0107ava bezbolnu primenu lekova u ku\u0107nim uslovima. 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